Polygonmach Cone Crushers
A cone crusher can be defined as a type of crushing equipment that has a conical-shaped body to crush ores or rocks into very small pieces. It is frequently used in mining and aggregate industries for the production of finely crushed materials that are further processed. The material is compressed between the eccentrically rotating part called the mantle, and the stationary part known as the concave. The material falls out of the bottom of the machine when it leaves the discharge opening. These machines are very efficient at crushing from larger to smaller sizes, hence a very important tool in a number of industrial functions.
Components of Cone Crushers
1. Mantle
The mantle is major in the composition of a cone crusher and stands underneath the concave. It is solid, with a cone shape, and conducts a gyrating motion in the concave to develop the crushing effect. Material fed into the machine gets crushed by the gyratory motion of the mantle, thereby deriving the desired output size. The mantle is made of hard material to resist severe stress and abrasion during the operation for effective crushing.
2. Concave
The concave designates the fixed, outer surface of the cone crusher chamber in which sits the mantle. Its main function is to provide a wearing surface for the crushing chamber and to maintain the desired crushing gap between itself and the mantle. Shape and angle of the concave play a critical role in determining the crusher's product size and shape. This design allows manufacturers to regulate the crushing process for getting desired specifications for the crushed material by strategically designing the concave.
3. Eccentric Mechanism
The cone crusher finds its gyrating motion of the mantle through the eccentric mechanism. The development of the gyrating motion is from the rotary motion via the eccentric mechanism. In general, the eccentric lies underneath the mantle and, through the main shaft of the crusher, drives it to perform a circular movement. These and other parts operate harmoniously for effective crushing, which gives consistency in particle size distribution.
4. Discharge Opening
The discharge opening serves as the final exit for the crushed material after having some processing inside the cone crusher. This opening is designed and adjusted with a particular size to allow regulating of output particle size and to maintain product specification. The adjustment of discharge opening width allows operators to regulate product size and machine throughput. Proper maintenance of the discharge opening will keep blockages away and result in maximum performance of the overall crusher.
Application Areas of Cone Crushers
1. Mining Industry
Cone crushers are applied in the mining industry for breaking various types of ores and minerals. They play an essential role in the ore treatment process for the ores that have been extracted from mines, whereby big-sized lumps of raw materials are reduced to manageable sizes. Cone crushers are mainly used during the secondary and tertiary grinding stages, where the product final size is mostly refined, either for subsequent processing in other machines or for use. Their high capacity, coupled with robust construction, makes these machines ideal under the rigors of mining operations.
2. Construction Sector
The construction industry is one of the broad users of cone crushers within varied applications, including the production of aggregates within building projects. These machines can crush various types of materials, including gravel, sand, and recycled concrete, into the desired particle sizes for construction purposes. Cone crushers are highly effective and versatile, hence a very important piece of equipment in processing materials needed in road construction, building foundations, and concrete production. Their ability to produce uniform, well-crushed material makes them indispensable in construction projects requiring specific material specifications.
Operating Principle of Cone Crushers
A cone crusher works on the principle of squeezing materials between a mantle and concave. Material is fed from the top of the machine into the crushing chamber, falling between the mantle and the concave. Rotation of the mantle in an eccentric pattern compresses the material against the concave, forcing it to break down into smaller fragments. Due to this eccentric motion of the mantle, the materials get crushed. Thus, when the material is in this form, it moves downwards in the bottom of the machine and creates a discharge opening. As soon as the desired material is achieved, it escapes out from the discharge opening through the cone. The size of the product is controlled by the gap between the mantle and the concave, which is changed. It ensures that the effective running will be guaranteed by influencing the speed and eccentric motion of the mantle while executing the crushing action. Cone crushers have generally been producing high-quality and finer-crushed materials, which are suited for many applications in the mining, construction, and aggregate sectors.
